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Death Anxiety and Related Factors in Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A systematic Review
Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari, Raziyeh Chaghian Arani, Amirabbas Mollaei, Aghil Mollaei, Atefeh Falakdami, Poorya Takasi, Pooyan Ghorbani Vajargah, Shaqayeq Esmaeili, Hedayat Jafari, Tahereh Yaghoubi, Samad Karkhah,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: High workload, insufficient resources, and many stressors in the workplace have led to the imposition of physical and psychological pressures on nurses, which exposes them to death anxiety (DA). This systematic review aimed to assess the DA and factors associated with its in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Material and Methods: An extensive search was conducted on Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) databases via keywords such asincluding "Death", "Death Anxiety", "Nurses", and "COVID-19", from December 2019 to November 10, 2021.
Results: 818 nurses were enrolled in four papers. The mean age and work experience of nurses Nurses’ mean age and work experiences were 31.21 (SD=5.43) and 7.60 (SD=6.73) years, respectively. The mean DA of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was 7.30 (SD=2.23). Also, 31.05% of nurses had a high level of DADA level during the COVID-19 pandemic. Age, sex, work experience, working hours per week, childbearing, several patients needing end‑of‑life care, direct participation in resuscitation operations, cases of direct participation in resuscitation operations, cases of patient death, depression, mental health status, and life satisfaction were influential factors in DA nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: Thus, nursing policymakers should pay special attention to these factors related to the use of nurses' health maintenance and promotion programs to increase the quality of nursing care for COVID-19 patients. Also, it is recommended that psychological and communication support be provided to nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The relationship between parental authority and the mental health of nursing and midwifery students at Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2022
Hadis Sourinejad , Mahbobeh Brojerdi , Sahar Arab , Navisa Seyedghasemi, Elham Adibmoghadam ,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: Mental health is significantly influenced by parenting styles, and undesirable parental authority styles can have detrimental effects on children’s mental health. Addressing mental health and its contributing factors is essential for improving individuals' personal and social lives. On the other hand, research findings on the relationship between parental authority styles and mental health have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between parental authority styles and the mental health of nursing and midwifery students.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 435 nursing and midwifery students using a census method. The research instruments included a demographic information form, Buri’s Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), and Goldberg and Hillier’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Questionnaires were completed virtually via Google Docs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSS software, and a significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.
Results: The mean age of the participating students was 24.71 ± 5.90 years. Most of the students surveyed were female (75.9%) and undergraduate (75.9%). The mean scores for the permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative parenting styles, and for general health, were 21.80 ± 4.64, 21.33 ± 5.64, 24.93 ± 4.92, and 19.22 ± 7.07, respectively. There was a significant and direct correlation between overall public health and the permissive parenting style (r = 0.14, p = 0.003). The correlation between the authoritative parenting style and students' mental health was inverse; however, this finding was not statistically significant (r = −0.05, p = 0.26).
Conclusion: The research results underscore the influence of parental authority styles on students' mental health. It is suggested that university counselors who provide counseling services to young adults consider the influence of parental authority styles on the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of their mental and behavioral disorders, and take measures to assess the type of parental authority style.

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