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The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Emotional Control of MS Patients in the City of Isfahan
Maedeh Sadat Alavi, Sheida Jabal Ameli,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the interventions used in the treatment of chronic medical conditions such as MS in recent years. Hence, this study was designed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on emotional control of MS patients in the city of Isfahan.
Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental research which was conducted by using a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The study population consisted of all members of the MS Society of Isfahan in 2016-2017. Using the available sampling method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 subjects for each group). Both groups completed Williams and Chambless emotional control questionnaire as the pre-test. After eight sessions (two one-hour sessions per week for four weeks) of cognitive-behavioral therapy, the posttest was performed for the groups. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, including mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics including univariate covariance analysis in the SPSS 20 software.
Results: The study participants included 16 married women and 14 married men. The mean age of the participants in the experimental and control groups was 30.23 ± 7.06 and 29.34 ± 7.15, respectively. The results of the univariate covariance analysis showed that a significant difference in the mean scores of emotional control from the pre-test to the post-test stage between the experimental group and the control group (P = 0.001). Thus, in the experimental group, the mean total score of emotional control in the pretest and post-test phases was equal to 71.66 and 31.33, respectively, while these values in the control group in the pre-test and post-test phases were 67.06 and 62.93, respectively. Also in the experimental group, the scores of four sub-scales of anger, depressed mood, anxiety, and positive emotions revealed significant differences between the post-test stage and the pre-test stage (P =0.001). Therefore, the cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in improving the emotional control of MS patients.
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy, we recommended the use of this therapeutic method to improve the emotional control of the patients with MS.
Problems Facing Families with Substance Abusers: A Review Study
Hamideh Mancheri, Mousa Alavi, Zahra Sabzi, Jahangir Maghsoudi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives: Given its progressive nature in all life aspects, drug abuse threatens the health of individuals, families, and society and causes some economic, political and human damages to each society. In this regard, family is the first variable exposed to such a threat. Accordingly, the present study was to review the problems facing families of substance abusers.
Methods: In this study, the Scopus, Medline, SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were surfed using keywords such as problems, substance abuse, addiction, family during 2000 to 2017. Finally, 30 full-text articles were selected.
Results: Studies have revealed that drug-related disorders affect the family system and members and bring family members different problems, including psychosocial, economic, physical, family and educational problems. These studies reported the psychological problems of family members as the most frequent one.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that family members with substance abusers face different problems in different aspects of their life; therefore, the need to expand prevention and treatment programs for such persons seems to be urgent.
 

Primary sinonasal tuberculosis without conventional symptoms of TB: Case Report
Mohsen Barzegar , Seyed Hossein Tabatabai , Naeimeh Kheirandish , Seyed Mojtaba Alavikia ,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2026)
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s most persistent infectious diseases, with pulmonary involvement being its most frequent clinical presentation. However, extrapulmonary forms of TB, although relatively rare, continue to pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges because of their atypical and nonspecific symptoms. This report presents the case of a 35-year-old male who was admitted with gradual, progressive facial swelling, without nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, or respiratory complaints. Given the absence of conventional symptoms of TB, the patient underwent comprehensive diagnostic evaluations to rule out neoplastic, granulomatous, or infectious conditions. Investigations included fine needle aspiration (FNA), chest computed tomography (CT), incisional biopsy of the affected area, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Histological and microbiological examinations ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of primary sinonasal tuberculosis, an extremely rare manifestation of extrapulmonary TB. The patient was started on a standard anti-tubercular regimen and monitored closely for six months, during which substantial clinical improvement was observed. Facial swelling resolved, with no evidence of recurrence. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of atypical presentations of TB and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion, especially in TB-endemic regions. Sinonasal tuberculosis can easily mimic neoplasms or other chronic inflammatory conditions, potentially leading to misdiagnosis. Timely recognition and proper management are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This report provides valuable insight into the limited literature on primary sinonasal TB without nasal obstruction and highlights the need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals when evaluating similar head and neck presentations.

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